Windsor Castle: Complete Guide to History, and Visitor Tips

Windsor Castle: Public Access and Tourist Attraction

Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world. Discover its history, top attractions, visitor tips, ticket info, in this complete guide.

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Introduction

Windsor Castle is the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world, serving as a royal residence for over 900 years. Located in Berkshire, England, it is one of the most popular tourist attractions, known for its stunning architecture, rich history, and royal connections.

In this guide, you’ll discover the fascinating history of Windsor Castle, from its origins under William the Conqueror to its role today. You’ll also find essential visitor tips, including the best times to visit, ticket details, must-see attractions, and insider advice to make your trip unforgettable. Whether you’re interested in British history, royal traditions, or the famous Changing of the Guard, Windsor Castle is a must-visit destination.

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The History of Windsor Castle

Windsor Castle is one of the most famous landmarks in the United Kingdom and the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world. With a history spanning over 900 years, it has been home to British monarchs from William the Conqueror to the present day. Located in Berkshire, England, this magnificent royal residence is a symbol of power, tradition, and architectural grandeur.

Origins: The Norman Foundation (11th Century)

Windsor Castle was founded by William the Conqueror in 1070, shortly after his victory at the Battle of Hastings. Built as part of a defensive ring around London, the castle was strategically positioned on a hill overlooking the River Thames. The original structure was a wooden motte-and-bailey fortress, designed to protect the western approach to the capital.

Medieval Expansion and Royal Residence (12th–15th Century)

In the 12th century, King Henry II replaced the wooden walls with stone, strengthening the castle’s defenses. Over the next two centuries, Windsor Castle was transformed from a military stronghold into a grand royal palace. King Edward III, who was born at Windsor, played a major role in expanding the castle in the 14th century, making it one of the most magnificent residences in Europe. He also established the Order of the Garter, the highest order of British chivalry, at St. George’s Chapel, which remains one of the castle’s most famous landmarks.

During the Wars of the Roses (15th century), Windsor Castle served as a sanctuary for King Henry VI, but later fell into the hands of King Edward IV, who made further enhancements. His greatest contribution was the rebuilding of St. George’s Chapel, which remains a masterpiece of Gothic architecture.

Tudor and Stuart Eras (16th–17th Century)

Under the Tudor monarchs, Windsor Castle continued to flourish. King Henry VIII, who was known for his extravagant lifestyle, frequently used Windsor as a hunting lodge. He is buried in St. George’s Chapel, alongside his third wife, Jane Seymour. Queen Elizabeth I also favored Windsor Castle, strengthening its defenses during the Spanish Armada crisis.

During the English Civil War (1642–1651), Windsor Castle was seized by Parliamentarian forces and used as a prison for King Charles I before his execution in 1649. After the monarchy was restored, King Charles II transformed Windsor into a baroque-style palace, inspired by the grandeur of Versailles in France.

Georgian and Victorian Eras (18th–19th Century)

The Georgian kings made further changes to Windsor Castle, but it was Queen Victoria (1837–1901) who truly cemented its status as the heart of the British monarchy. She used Windsor as her main residence and held grand state events there. After the death of her beloved husband, Prince Albert, she spent much of her time in mourning at the castle, earning her the nickname “The Widow of Windsor.”

Windsor Castle in the 20th and 21st Centuries

During World War II, Windsor Castle played a vital role in protecting the royal family. King George VI, Queen Elizabeth (the Queen Mother), and their daughters, Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret, lived at the castle to stay safe from the bombings in London.

Following the war, Queen Elizabeth II made Windsor Castle one of her primary residences. She spent weekends at Windsor and hosted important state visits there. In 1992, a devastating fire broke out in the State Apartments, destroying large sections of the castle. The extensive restoration project took five years and restored Windsor Castle to its former glory.

Today, Windsor Castle remains an official residence of King Charles III and continues to be a major site for royal ceremonies, state events, and public visits. The castle attracts millions of tourists each year, eager to explore its State Apartments, St. George’s Chapel, the Round Tower, and the famous Changing of the Guard ceremony.

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Design and Visibility of Windsor Castle

Windsor Castle is one of the most iconic landmarks in the United Kingdom, known for its grand medieval architecture, strategic location, and stunning interiors. As the largest and oldest occupied castle in the world, it showcases a blend of Norman, Gothic, and Georgian design elements, making it a masterpiece of royal architecture.

Strategic Location and Visibility

Windsor Castle is perched on a chalk hill in Berkshire, offering breathtaking views of the River Thames and the surrounding countryside. Its elevated position was strategically chosen by William the Conqueror in the 11th century to provide a strong defensive advantage while also ensuring its visibility from miles away. Even today, Windsor Castle’s Round Tower and turrets dominate the skyline, making it a recognizable symbol of British heritage.

Located just 23 miles (37 km) from London, Windsor Castle is easily accessible from the capital. Its striking silhouette and grand entrance gates welcome visitors from all over the world, whether they arrive by road, train, or even by boat along the Thames.

Architectural Design and Key Features

Windsor Castle’s design has evolved over the centuries, reflecting the tastes and influences of different monarchs. Key architectural features include:

• The Round Tower – A central feature that dominates the castle’s skyline. Originally built as part of the Norman defenses, it now serves as the heart of the castle and offers panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.
• State Apartments – Lavishly decorated rooms featuring ornate ceilings, gilded chandeliers, and priceless artworks. These rooms, redesigned by King Charles II and later restored after the 1992 fire, highlight Windsor Castle’s royal grandeur.
• St. George’s Chapel – A stunning example of Gothic architecture, this chapel is famous for hosting royal weddings and burials, including those of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip.
• The Long Walk – A 2.6-mile tree-lined avenue leading up to the castle, offering one of the most breathtaking views of the entire estate.

Modern-Day Visibility and Tourism

Windsor Castle is one of the most visited royal residences in the world, attracting over 1 million visitors annually. It is highly visible in British culture, frequently featured in royal events, television broadcasts, and historical documentaries. The Changing of the Guard ceremony, held within the castle grounds, is a major tourist attraction and a symbol of the castle’s ongoing royal significance.

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Best Time to Visit Windsor Castle

Windsor Castle is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the UK, drawing visitors year-round. To make the most of your trip, it’s essential to plan your visit based on weather, crowd levels, and special events.

Best Seasons to Visit

• Spring (March – May) – One of the best times to visit, with mild weather, blooming gardens, and fewer crowds compared to summer. The Long Walk and castle grounds look especially beautiful.
• Summer (June – August) – The busiest time, as tourists and school holidays bring large crowds. However, this is also when State Apartments are fully open, and you may catch special events and royal ceremonies. Arrive early in the morning to avoid long queues.
• Autumn (September – November) – A great time to visit, with fewer tourists, pleasant weather, and colorful foliage around the castle.
• Winter (December – February) – A quieter period, except around Christmas and New Year’s, when festive decorations add a magical touch. Some areas may have shorter opening hours, but the castle is still open to visitors.

Best Days and Times to Visit

• Weekdays (Tuesday – Thursday) – Less crowded than weekends, making for a more relaxed experience.
• Mornings (10:00 AM – 12:00 PM) – The best time to enter before crowds build up, especially in peak seasons.
• Late Afternoon (3:00 PM – Closing) – Fewer visitors, allowing for a peaceful tour of the castle and grounds.

Special Events and Considerations

• Changing of the Guard – Takes place on select days at 11:00 AM, drawing big crowds. If you want a good view, arrive at least 30 minutes early.
• Royal Events & Closures – Windsor Castle is an active royal residence, meaning it may close for state events. Always check the official Royal Collection Trust website before visiting.

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What to Expect Inside Windsor Castle

Visiting Windsor Castle is a journey through 900 years of British royal history, offering a mix of stunning architecture, priceless artworks, and historic traditions. Here’s what you can expect inside this iconic royal residence.

1. The State Apartments

The State Apartments are the highlight of Windsor Castle, featuring lavishly decorated rooms used by British monarchs for centuries. Inside, you’ll find:

• Grand Reception Room – A breathtaking space with gold-plated walls, chandeliers, and intricate ceiling designs.
• Waterloo Chamber – A room dedicated to the Duke of Wellington’s victory over Napoleon, filled with historic portraits.
• King’s and Queen’s Apartments – Opulent rooms filled with priceless artwork from the Royal Collection, including works by Rembrandt, Rubens, and Canaletto.
• St. George’s Hall – Used for royal banquets, this grand hall showcases the coats of arms of Knights of the Garter.

Tip: Photography is not allowed inside the State Apartments, so take time to appreciate the details in person!

2. St. George’s Chapel

One of the most stunning Gothic churches in England, St. George’s Chapel is the final resting place of British monarchs, including:

• Queen Elizabeth II
• Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
• King Henry VIII and Jane Seymour
• King Charles I

The chapel is also famous for royal weddings, including Prince Harry and Meghan Markle’s in 2018.

Tip: Visitors must remain silent inside as it is an active place of worship.

3. The Semi-State Rooms

These luxurious rooms, designed for King George IV, are open to the public only from autumn to spring. They feature some of the most extravagant interiors in Windsor Castle, including elaborate furnishings and rich decorations.

4. The Changing of the Guard Ceremony

A must-see tradition, the Changing of the Guard takes place in the castle’s Lower Ward. It happens on select days at 11:00 AM, where you can watch soldiers in red uniforms and bearskin hats march with military precision.

Tip: Arrive at least 30 minutes early for the best view.

5. The Round Tower

One of Windsor Castle’s most iconic features, the Round Tower offers spectacular panoramic views of the castle grounds and beyond. This tower also houses Royal Archives, though they are not open to the public.

6. The Castle Grounds and The Long Walk

The castle grounds offer beautiful gardens and historic monuments, perfect for a scenic stroll. The Long Walk, a 2.6-mile tree-lined avenue, provides one of the most stunning views of Windsor Castle.

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Nearby Attraction & Dining

A visit to Windsor Castle isn’t complete without exploring the charming town of Windsor and its surrounding attractions. From historic landmarks to scenic river cruises, here are the best things to do nearby and where to find great food after your visit.

Top Nearby Attractions

1. Windsor Great Park

Distance: 5-minute walk from the castle
A beautiful 4,800-acre park perfect for a relaxing walk. Don’t miss The Long Walk, a 2.6-mile tree-lined avenue leading to the castle.

2. Eton College

Distance: 15-minute walk across the River Thames
One of the most famous boarding schools in the world, founded in 1440, where Prince William and Prince Harry studied. Explore its historic buildings and chapel.

3. River Thames Boat Cruise

Distance: 5-minute walk to Windsor Promenade
Take a scenic boat ride along the Thames with Windsor Duck Tours or French Brothers Cruises to see Windsor from the water.

4. LEGOLAND Windsor Resort

Distance: 10-minute drive from Windsor Castle
A top family attraction with rides, LEGO-themed displays, and interactive activities. Perfect for kids!

5. Windsor & Royal Borough Museum

Distance: 2-minute walk from the castle
A small museum showcasing Windsor’s local history, artifacts, and royal connections.

Best Restaurants & Cafés Near Windsor Castle

1. The Duchess of Cambridge

Distance: 2-minute walk
British pub serving traditional fish & chips, burgers, and ales in a cozy setting.

2. The Ivy Royal Windsor

Distance: 3-minute walk
A stylish brasserie with British and European cuisine, great for brunch, afternoon tea, or dinner.

3. Bel & The Dragon

Distance: 5-minute walk
A historic gastropub offering modern British dishes, fine wines, and a cozy atmosphere.

4. Cinnamon Café

Distance: 4-minute walk
A local favorite known for delicious coffee, pastries, and fresh sandwiches.

5. Gilbey’s Bar & Restaurant

Distance: 10-minute walk (Eton)
A charming bistro serving seasonal British cuisine with a great selection of wines.

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Conclusion

Windsor Castle is more than just a historic landmark—it is a living symbol of British royalty, tradition, and architectural grandeur. With over 900 years of history, this stunning fortress has evolved from a Norman stronghold to an opulent royal residence, serving as a home to British monarchs from William the Conqueror to King Charles III.

A visit to Windsor Castle offers an unforgettable experience, from exploring the lavish State Apartments and St. George’s Chapel to witnessing the Changing of the Guard ceremony. Whether you’re fascinated by royal history, medieval architecture, or scenic landscapes, Windsor Castle is a must-see destination for visitors from around the world.

To make the most of your trip, plan your visit during the best seasons, explore nearby attractions like Windsor Great Park and Eton College, and enjoy delicious dining options in the charming town of Windsor.

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FAQs About Windsor Castle

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By roamworld

Disclaimer: Travel details such as ticket prices, opening hours, and accommodation rates may change. Please check official websites or contact service providers for the latest updates.

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